ΟΡΙΣΜΟΙ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΟΡΩΝ

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Topic: ΟΡΙΣΜΟΙ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΟΡΩΝ (Read 4032 times)

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The lost art of trolling.

Re: ΟΡΙΣΜΟΙ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΟΡΩΝ

« Reply #15 on: September 17, 2011, 20:20:35 pm »

Moral Hazard (Ηθικος Κινδυνος)

"In economic theory, moral hazard is a situation in which a party insulated from risk behaves differently from how it would behave if it were fully exposed to the risk.
Moral hazard arises because an individual or institution does not take the full consequences and responsibilities of its actions, and therefore has a tendency to act less carefully than it otherwise would, leaving another party to hold some responsibility for the consequences of those actions. For example, a person with insurance against automobile theft may be less cautious about locking his or her car, because the negative consequences of vehicle theft are (partially) the responsibility of the insurance company.
Economists explain moral hazard as a special case of information asymmetry, a situation in which one party in a transaction has more information than another. In particular, moral hazard may occur if a party that is insulated from risk has more information about its actions and intentions than the party paying for the negative consequences of the risk. More broadly, moral hazard occurs when the party with more information about its actions or intentions has a tendency or incentive to behave inappropriately from the perspective of the party with less information.
Moral hazard also arises in a principal-agent problem, where one party, called an agent, acts on behalf of another party, called the principal. The agent usually has more information about his or her actions or intentions than the principal does, because the principal usually cannot completely monitor the agent. The agent may have an incentive to act inappropriately (from the viewpoint of the principal) if the interests of the agent and the principal are not aligned."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_hazard

Με παραδειγματα: η ομοσπονδιακη κυβερνηση των ΗΠΑ, βρεθηκε μπροστα σε αυτο το προβλημα οταν "εσωσε" πολλα χρηματοπιστωτικα ιδρυματα που ηταν στα προθυρα χρεωκοπιας. Το προβλημα συμπυκνωνεται στο εξης: "πρεπει να τους σωσουμε εφοσον στο μελλον αυτοι (η οχι μονο αυτοι) θα φερθουν το ιδιο η και περισσοτερο απερισκεπτα γνωριζοντας οτι εμεις ειμαστε εδω για να τους ξανασωσουμε?"
Το ιδιο προβλημα αντιμετωπισαν και οι εταιροι μας με την (σχεδον) χρεωκοπημενη Ελλαδα.


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